BACKGROUND TO THE PRODUCTION
Managing Marine Protected Areas: A Toolkit for the Western Indian Ocean (WIO Toolkit) was commissioned by IUCN-EARO in August 2003. It was published in English in 2004 by IUCN, in collaboration with the Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association (WIOMSA), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Wildlife Fund for Nature (WWF), and the Coastal Zone Management Centre (CZMC). The WIO Toolkit received wide acclaim, and was identified as a potential model for replication in other regions.

Following consultations in the South Asian region it was determined that the adaptation of the WIO Toolkit for the South Asia context would respond to regional needs, bringing together simple, easy to read information on a wide range of themes related to Marine and Coastal Protected Area (MCPA) management, and forming a key resource for promoting continuity in management capacity at existing MCPA sites across the region.

The adaptation of theme sheets for the South Asia context was coordinated by Gaya Sriskanthan (IUCN ELG), and Nicola Barnard (ICRAN). IUCN ELG facilitated the comprehensive review process and all editing and publishing. The format and content of the toolkit was maintained in line with the WIO Toolkit and the advice of the original authors and editorial team (Sue Wells, Matt Richmond, Peter Llewellyn (Samaki Consultants), Heidi Savelli Söderberg, Julie Church (IUCN), Julius Francis (WIOMSA), Domingos Gove (CDS-ZC, MICOA), Nyawira Muthiga (WCS), Magnus Ngoile (NEMC), Amani Ngusaru (WWF),
Remi Ratsimbazafy (WWF), Melita Samoilys (IUCN), Dixon Waruinge (UNEP)). The technical reviewers for the South Asia
Toolkit are listed below.

CARTOONS, GRAPHICS & PHOTOGRAPHS
The design of the South Asia Toolkit, maintained in line with the WIO Toolkit (produced by Matt Richmond & Sarah Markes), was coordinated and updated by Gaya Sriskanthan and Shehani Peris (IUCN ELG). Adam Lutta is thanked for his dedication and excellent cartoons. The SEA Trust is thanked for allowing the use of the marine biodiversity pie-chart (sheet H5) and FAD illustration (sheet I4), and Jared Crawford is acknowledged for the idea behind the cartoon used on the MCPA goals and objectives (sheet A2). The photos used in this Toolkit were provided freely by numerous individuals, with names indicated by each picture. All photographers are thanked for allowing their use. National and regional maps of MCPAs in South Asia were provided by the UNEP – World Conservation Monitoring Centre (WCMC) and draw on the World Database of Protected Areas (WDPA), MPA Global Database, and the efforts of UNEP-WCMC, IUCN, and Mangroves for the Future in the region to collate and validate this data. Thanks to Shehani Peris (IUCN ELG) for carrying out exhaustive searches of available databases and to the participants of the Toolkit training workshop in Maldives, July 2008 for their feedback on the national MCPA lists.

CONTRIBUTORS & REVIEWERS
Many scientists, MCPA practitioners and other experts gave freely of their time to provide valuable reviews of the theme sheet drafts resulting in the adapted material included in the South Asia Toolkit. The editorial team wholeheartedly thank all these individuals for their contributions, and recognise and thank all those who contributed to the WIO Toolkit, upon which this product is based, and without which the South Asia Toolkit could not have been prepared. The list that follows provides the names of individual contributors (contrib.),being those who provided information and/or draft text and case studies (as indicated in parentheses), reviewers of the drafts (rev.) who provided comments on Toolkit theme sheets, as well as those involved in the final technical review (tech. rev.). Authors of newly added theme sheets (auth.) are also indicated, as are individuals who provided general feedback (gen. fb.) on the Toolkit during the Toolkit training workshop in June 2008. All theme sheets were reviewed by Gaya Sriskanthan (IUCN ELG), Nicola Barnard (ICRAN) and Jerker Tamelander (IUCN GMP). For sheet titles see Contents or individual sheet.

SA Toolkit
Mahid Abdulrahmaan, Environment Research Centre,
Maldives – gen. fb.
A. C. Anil ,NIO – contrib. K5 (case study).
Deepak Apte, BNHS – tech. rev. B, G; contrib. G4 (case study).
Saima Baig, IUCN – tech. rev. E, J.
Channa Bambaradeniya, IUCN ELG – tech. rev. F, H.
Nicola Barnard, ICRAN, UK – tech. rev. all theme sheets; contrib. I3, C1 (case study); rev. A6, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, D2, F8, G1, G2, G5, H6, H8, I7, J3.
Sultana Bashir, UNDP – tech. rev. Intro, J.
Stuart Campbell, WCS – contrib. A2.
Ben Cattermoul, IMM Ltd – auth. B5 (case study), B6 (case study); rev. A2.
Manish Chandi, MCBT – contrib. H3 (case study), K1 (case study); rev. D3.
M.H. Chitrasena, Dept. Wildlife Conservation, Sri Lanka – gen. fb.
Julie Church, Assegai Ventures and UniqueEco – gen. fb.
Emily Corcoran, UNEP-WCMC – tech. rev. K.
Asha DeVos, IUCN SL – contrib. G10 (case study), H1, K4
(case study).
Patterson Edwards, SDMRI, India – contrib. G3, H5, H6 (case study), H11 (case study), J7 (case study).
Lucy Emmerton, IUCN ELG – contrib. E1, E2, E3, E4, E5, E6.
Mohamed Faizan, Maldivers, Maldives – gen. fb.
Mostafa Kamal Farooque, Department of Environment, Bangladesh – gen. fb.
Gejo Anna Geevarghese, Researcher, MoEF, Andaman - contrib.
C1 (case Study).
Gabriel Grimsditch, IUCN GMP – auth. G12.
Stefan Hain, UNEP-WCMC – tech. rev. C, H.
Fahmeeda Hanfee, WWF India – contrib. I5.
Gregor Hodgson, ReefCheck – gen. fb.
Vineeta Hoon, CARESS – contrib. J4.
Sikandar Hussain, Agatti Coral Reef Monitoring Network – gen. fb.
A.K.M. Rafiqul Islam, Department of Environment, Bangladesh
– gen. fb.
Zahirul Islam, Coastal & Wetland Biodiversity Management Project UNDP/GEF (Bangladesh) – Contrib. I9 (case study).
R. Jeyabaskaran, Zoological Survey of India, India – contrib. A6,
V.M. Karunagaran, Covenant Centre for Development, India
– gen. fb.
Hamza Khaleel, Strength of Society, Maldives – gen. fb.
Mohamed Khalid, Villa Pvt. Ltd., Maldives – gen. fb.
Shamshur Rahman Khan, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Bangladesh – gen. fb.
P.B. Terney Pradeep Kumara, University of Ruhuna Matara,
Sri Lanka – contrib. C2, C3, I4, J6.
Gnanappazham Lakshmanan, Swaminathan Foundation – contrib. C2, C3.
Rana Muhammad Mazhar Liaqat, Hingol National Park, Pakistan
– gen. fb.
Umeed Mistry, India – gen. fb.
Patti Moore, IUCN – tech. rev. Intro, A.
Paul Morling, RSPB – tech. rev. E.
V. Naganathan, GOMBRT, India – gen. fb.
Maeve Nightingale, IUCN ELG – contrib. A5.
David Obura, CORDIO East Africa, Kenya – contrib. G12.
Bernard O’Callaghan, IUCN Vietnam – tech. rev. D, F; rev. G9.
C.N. Pandey, Geer Foundation – gen. fb.
Nishan Perera, Sri Lanka – contrib. + case study: A4, B3, B4, C2, F9, G11, H7, I1, I4, I5, I6, I8, J5, K3; rev. only: A3, D1, G7, H1, H4, H10, H11, I2, I7, I9, J2, K2.
Nishanthi Perera, Sri Lanka – tech. rev. Intro, A, B; contrib. A5 (case study), A6 (case study).
Tahir Qureshi, IUCN Pakistan – contrib. J8 (case study).
Arjan Rajasuriya, Department of Aquatic Resources Research & Development, Sri Lanka – tech. rev. I, H.
K. Rajkumar, Department of Environment and Forests, India
– gen. fb.
Thushara Ranasinghe, IUCN ELG – contrib. E3 (case study), E6 (case study).
Ajla Rasheed, Marine Research Centre, Maldives – gen. fb.
Tahir Rasheed, SUSG-Asia, Pakistan – gen. fb.
S.M.A. Rashid, Bangladesh – tech. rev. C, D.
Marie Saleem, Marine Research Centre, Maldives – gen. fb.
Jayampathy Samarakoon, ICRM and Planning Specialist –
tech. rev. B, K.
Alok Saxena, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Andaman – contrib. C1 (case study).
Kartik Shanker, ATREE – contrib. H2.
Somadasa Silva, International Dive School, Sri Lanka – gen. fb.
Aarthi Sridhar, ATREE – tech. rev. A, J; contrib. H2 (case study).
Gaya Sriskanthan, IUCN ELG, Sri Lanka – tech. rev. all theme sheets; contrib. A1, B5, B6, D3 (case study), G6 (case study), H2 (case study), H3, J4 (case study).
Penny Stock, ICRAN, UK – rev. H11.
Jerker Tamelander, CORDIO/IUCN GMP – tech. rev. all theme sheets; contrib. G12
Kristian Teleki, ICRAN, UK – rev. G3, G8, J6.
Ravishankar Thupalli, Scientific Consultant, India – contrib. G4 (case study), H9 (case study), J8 (case study).
Mark Tupper, WorldFish Centre, Malaysia – contrib. B1 (case study).
Anne Walton, NOAA – tech. rev. B, F.
B.P. Yadav, Department of Environment & Forests, India – gen. fb.
Terri Young, ICRAN, UK – contrib. D4 (case study), F5 (case study), K5 (case study); rev. F3, F4, F5, F6, F7, H5, I4, J7.
WIO Toolkit
Flora Akwilapo National Environment Management Council, Tanzania – rev. G4.
Jim Anderson Samaki Consultants Ltd., Tanzania – contrib. G2, G7, G8, I2, I4; rev: B4, C4, D4, F5, F7-F9, G6, H1, I1.
Yann von Arnim Mauritius Marine Conservation Society, Mauritius
– rev. H8, J8.
Mabel Augustowski IUCN/WCPA Marine, Brazil – contrib. J6.
Adnan Awad GloBallast, South Africa -–contrib. K5.
Neil Baker Tanzania Bird Atlas, Tanzania – rev. H3.
Todd Barber Reef Balls, USA – rev. H6, J8.
Tom Bayer Tanzania Coastal Management Partnership, Tanzania
– rev. A5.
Katy Beaver Seychelles – contrib. F5 (case study), J5 (case study), G9 (case study); rev. A6, J4.
Stefano Belfiore NOAA International Programme Office, USA – rev. A5.
Lindsay ChongSeng Seychelles Island Foundation, Seychelles – contrib. F5 (case study).
Julie Church IUCN, Kenya – contrib. B3, D3 (case study), H2, H10 (case study), K4; rev. G2, G6, I1, I9, J4.
Chantal Conand Univ. Réunion, La Réunion – contrib. I6; rev. H7.
Pascale Cuet Univ. Réunion, La Réunion – contrib. K2 (casestudy).
Carol Daniels CHICOP Ltd., Zanzibar, Tanzania – contrib. F1
(case study), H8, J6 (case study).
Rudy van der Elst Oceanographic Research Institute, South Africa
– contrib. I5, I7.		   Polly Dolan South Africa – contrib. B4.
Vincent Dufour France – rev. I8.
Charlotte de Fontaubert USA – rev. A4.
Sarah Fowler IUCN/SSC Shark Specialist Group, UK – rev. I5.
Helen Fox WWF-US, USA – rev. H5.
Catherine Gabrie WWF, France – contrib. C3 (case study); rev. G2, I8.
Domingos Gove Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel para as Zonas Costeiras, MICOA, Mozambique – contrib. G11; rev. C2.
Ed Green UNEP-WCMC, UK – rev. H11.
Pippa Gravestock UK – contrib. E1-E6.
Martin Guard Tanzania – contrib. I6.
Almeida Guissamulo Univ. Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique – contrib. H4 (case study).
Elizabeth Halpenny Canada – contrib. J6.
Jean Harris Ezemvelo KwaZulu-Natal Wildlife, South Africa – contrib. K3.
Henry Henley Ker and Downey, Kenya – rev. I7.
Craig Hilton-Taylor UNEP-WCMC, UK – contrib. H1.
Marc Hockings Univ. Queensland, Australia – rev. G9.
Rose Hogan Ireland – contrib. B1, B3.
Tom Hooper Shoals of Capricorn, Rodrigues, Mauritius – contrib. J4;
rev. J3.
Geoffrey Howard IUCN, Kenya – rev. K5.
Kim Howell Univ. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania – rev. H2.
Tony Hughes Marine Logistics Ltd., Tanzania – rev. K3.
Sarah Humphrey WWF International, Switzerland – contrib. D1, F7 (case study); rev. A1-A6, C2, C4, E2,E3, E5, G4, G9,H3-H5, J1, K5.
Janet Kaleha Kenya Wildlife Service, Kenya – rev. J8.
Abdulrahman Issa IUCN, Tanzania – rev. A6.
Laura Jenkins Univ. Cambridge, UK – rev. A4.
Rachel Kavanagh IUCN/SSC Shark Specialist Group, UK –
contrib. I5.
Anthony King IUCN, MBREMP, Tanzania – contrib. B1 (case study);
rev. I1.
Arielle Levine Univ. Berkeley Santa Barbara, USA – contrib.G11, I2.
Sara Lourie McGill University, Canada – rev. H5.
J.P. Luchmun Albion Fisheries Research Centre, Mauritius –contrib. H8 (case study), H9 (case study).
James Mackinnon WCS, Madagascar – rev. E1.
Patrick Maguire The Nature Conservancy, USA – contrib.E5; rev. E1, E3, E4.
Delphine Malleret-King Tanzania – contrib. B1, G6 (case study).
Judy Mann Lang Oceanographic Research Institute, South Africa – rev. J4.
Anas Masoud WWF (Menai Bay project), Tanzania – rev. F7.
Thabit Masoud Care International, Tanzania – rev. B4.
Tim McClanahan Wildlife Conservation Society, Kenya – contrib. C1, G3 (case study), H6, H11 (case study), I2; rev. A3, B2-B4, C5, D3, D4, E6, F9, G6-G8, G11, H7, I1, I8, I9.
Imène Meliane IUCN, Ecuador – rev. K5.
Jean Mortimer IUCN/SSC Marine Turtle Specialist Group, USA – contrib. H2.
Helena Motta WWF, Mozambique – rev. C2.
Catharine Muir Tanzania Turtle & Dugong Conservation Programme, Tanzania – contrib. H2 (case study);rev. H4.
Nyawira Muthiga Wildlife Conservation Society, Kenya – contrib. G3 (case study); rev. I1, K1, K4.
Magnus Ngoile National Environment Management Council, Tanzania
– rev. G4.
Simmons Nzuki KESCOM, Kenya – rev. H2.
David Obura CORDIO East Africa, Kenya – contrib. G3, G5, G6, I2, K1 (case study); rev. B4, G8, H6, H7, H8, I1.
Mine Pabari IUCN, Kenya – contrib. C4, C5, G10 (case study).
Rolph Payet Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Seychelles
– contrib. A6 (case study).
Esther Peters Tetra Tech Inc., USA – contrib. H11 (case study).
Bridget Mcgraw, Kenya – rev. Using the Internet.
Adrian Philips IUCN/WCPA, UK – rev. A1.
Jean Pascal Quod ARVAM, La Réunion – rev. G3, H7.
Jone Porter Oceanographic Research Institute, South Africa – rev. J5.
Steve Raaymakers International Maritime Organisation, UK –
rev. K5.
Nosy Ramamonjisoa WWF and West Indian OceanProgramme Office, Madagascar – contrib. E1 (case study); E4 (case study).
Remi Ratzimbazafy WWF, Madagascar – contrib. A3, A4, B2 (case study); rev. E1.
Haja Razafindrainibe Service d’Appui à la Gestion de l’Environnement, Madagascar – rev. A4.
Sibylle Riedmiller CHICOP Ltd, Zanzibar, Tanzania – rev. A3.
Mike Risk Canada – rev. K2.
Rebekka van Roemburg Yemen – rev. B3.
David Rowat MCSS Seychelles – contrib. F9 (case study).
Jason Rubens WWF, Tanzania – contrib. E3, G9, I1, I2 (case study).
Tori Rumbold Kenya – rev. B3.
Roger Safford Birdlife International, UK – rev. H3.
Melita Samoilys IUCN-EARO, Kenya – contrib. G7, G8, H8; rev. A1, C3, H1, H5, I8.
John Sebastion PlusComs Ltd., Tanzania – rev. F7.
Nirmal Shah Nature Seychelles, Seychelles – contrib. A3, D4 (case study), F2 (case study), F9, H3, J1 (case study).
Vincent Shauri LEAT, Tanzania – rev. A4.
Fred Short Univ. New Hampshire, USA – rev. G4.
Paul Siegel WWF, Senegal – rev. A3, A6, B2, C5, D3, D4, E2, E4, H1, H2, H8, H11, I3-I6, K1, K5.
Scott Smith The Nature Conservancy, USA – contrib. E5; rev. E1-E4, E6.
Sylvia Spalding Marine Aquarium Council, USA – rev. I8.
James Spurgeon Jacobs Consultants, UK – contrib. E6.
Sue Stolton Equilibrium Consultants, UK – rev. G9.
Jerker Tamelander CORDIO/IUCN South Asia, Sri Lanka – contrib. C1, C5, F8, G8, H6, H7, H10, J8; rev. A1, G3.
Ali Thani Misali Island Conservation Association, Tanzania – rev. B4.
Steve Trott Watamu Turtle Watch, Kenya – contrib. K4.
Michel Vely Megaptera, Djibouti – rev. H4.
Eric Verheij IUCN, TCZCDP, Tanzania – contrib. F8; rev. F5, F9.
Rombout Verwimp Tanzania – contrib. C1.``
Colette Wabnitz Univ. British Columbia, Canada – rev. I8.
Els van Walsum Tanzania – contrib. C1.
Innocent Wanyonyi CORDIO East Africa, Kenya – rev. G6.
Dixon Waruinge UNEP, Kenya – rev. E2, E3, E6.
Iain Watt IOMEC, Mauritius – contrib. K3.
Birgit Weets WWF, Germany – rev. J1.
Paxton Wellington Canada – rev. F7.
Jordan West Environmental Protection Agency, USA – rev. H7.
Elizabeth Wood Marine Conservation Society, UK – rev. I8, I9.
Richard Zanre Watamu Turtle Watch, Kenya – rev.